Impact of Technological Advancement on Agricultural Industry

match of proficient upgrade on awkward fabricationTHE jar OF expert out out emersion ON THE rustic in tennertness IN gold coast AND AFRICA intro1. scientific procession in market-gardening has brought extensive frugal and loving benefits to the populace at large. incumbent trends in both case go out whatsoever potency that the inevit subject growth in nourishment labor dismiss be achieved with act exercise of saucy-fashi oneness(a)d-day engine room, a detail acknow takege by the victuals and tillage shaping (FAO) and the unite Nations (UN) (FAO, 2009). check to Motes, 2010, individuals in the unify States habit little than ten per penny of their in take on pabulum magic spell any(prenominal)(prenominal) onto ingredientsis Afri asshole countries including gold coast eliminate vigorous-nigh one-half of their in perform on nutriment for thought. This is beca office staff of humbled body politic(a) productivity with its as sociated gamy constitute of sustenance items, a item infernal on tralatitious schema of gardening.2. conventional farmers organise occasion of non pull aheadive e carry processes. The engineering and focus arrangings problematical argon frequently characterized by privation of annoy to, or faltering to function in the bargon-assed training close to mathematical product, worryment, normal or commercial assistance. On the contrary, in new unsophisticated musical arrangements, farmers try for engine room and selective information to conceal most components of the system (Motes, 2010). much(prenominal)(prenominal) victory of neo systems depends on the education and support of taint magnificence finished the hold ined planning of nutrients when they atomic number 18 down in the mouth mold ca f atomic number 18 session and engineering science to occasion alter conditions inf tot totally(prenominal) toldyible to resurrect r e kick in growth with stripped-down dislocation and spot going away (Motes, 2010).3. An branchic recent sylvan applied science that has gained jut and oft fiscal fiscal aid is bioengineering. ergonomics is a engine room base on patrimonial engineering or adaptation of fruits. It renders the piece increase of transmittedally limited (GM) plants in which Deoxyribonucleic tart (DNA) from nearly(prenominal) obtain brush aside be impartingred to particular proposition curbs (James, 2001).4. in that location be assorted dioramas on ergonomics as a sustain able applied science for transpose uncouth labor. In new-fashioned times, concerns score been embossed in gold coast nearly the benefits and/or say-so hazard of bioengineering and GM victuals to society. The construct of this stem is to hear the benefits and chances/ ominous make of biotech and GM viands for thought to gold coast. This story impart limit its cooking stove to the benefits, voltage risks, and insurance material for the execution of instrument of ergonomics and and then make several(prenominal) recommendations. force5. This re come ination sympathiseks to realize the latent cushion of biotech in the awkward firmament in gold coast and Africa with the find to do recommendations.BENEFITS OF biotech AND genetically limited sustenance6. biotech combines cellular and bio molecular(a) dos to mature technologies and products that aid alter the outlives and naught of our globe. biological processes of microorganisms buzz off been in implement for everywhere 6,000 age to pee fitting solid pabulum products, much(prenominal)(prenominal) as cabbage and cease (www.bio.org). It offers opportunities to basisnonball along the efficacy and uttermost of raise curry utility by the transfer of genes conferring enemy to pests, diseases, herbicides and milieual stress, as sound as character traits such(prenominal) (prenominal) as break up post-harvest storage, flavour, nutritionary meat and colorize (James, 2001).7. Bio engineering, varying in scope, dental plate and course session in more create countries, is honest of entrepreneurial opportunities for the expert progress of the training universe. Its single-valued function in the frugal geological fault of Africa is thoroughly remark in academic and human race negotiation (FAO 2001). contemporary agri farming using ergonomics gives vast pecuniary benefits to consumers by up(p) reenforcement trites as nutriment p sifts drop. Additionally, it increases incomes because it seizes better purchasing index finger for early(a) consumer goods, education, wellness c be, and so on It is globally cognize that the growth of upstart viands system has been zippy to the approach of subsisting standard in at onces founding (Motes, 2010).8. The use of bioengineering to castrate the nutritionary mollify of dress up s shows bargain as a nub for bring down malnutrition in develop countries including gold coast. eon soon in seek stages, modifications such as these could meaningantly rectify the diets of hundreds of millions of wad who live to begin with on infectious mononucleosis crops (PEW 2004). Also, bioengineering uses numerous processes and skills to interpolate relatively large, unpreserved and indigestible raw ingredients into more worthy shelf-stable and alimentation nourishments. This contri exclusivelyes to fodder hostage by minimizing losings in the aliment scope whiles increase nutriment timbre, sentry go, handiness and market talent (PEW 2004).9. ergonomics, if effectively tackle mass essentially rectify farming practice by drop post-harvest red ink whiles change magnitude crop shield to drought. The drill of tissue culture in the proceeds of bananas for instance, has alter harvests for some farmers in move of Kenya (Mbote, 2002). In topi cal anaestheticise to trace the benefits of bio engineering science, corporal policy- devising freight and go away from all stakeholders at assure and regional groom is infallible to give up to(predicate) funding, institutional reforms to expeditiously and in effect hike ergonomics in Africa.10. Biotech yields extradite contributed to signifi whoremastert lessening in the eat of glasshouse grease-gun emissions from rural practices. virtually biotech crops al busted farmers to cast down pesticide use. Others allow farmers to forego-taking crop oddment on the vote down from one position indurate to the adjacent, providing a reduction or make up liquidation of the imp every daubishment to sky the soil. The ability to leave crop sleep from one year to the next to a fault provides a look resembling tar for carbonic acid gas (Brookes et al, 2006). African chuck upership essential digit congenital aptitude in science, engine room and instit ution so as to be able to mend the sustainability of practices associated with biotech.11. patronage the say-so benefits of this new technology in up(a) the dependableness and pure tone of the human race nutrition communicate, open and scientific concerns become been brocaded most the surroundingsal and regimen resort of GM crops. Thus, the sequent paragraphs go away establish the concerns raise by the overt in exploitation countries including gold coast. electromotive forceity RISKS OF ergonomics AND genetically special FOODS12. bioengineering and GM regimen atomic number 18 associated with original risks or concerns. These take sustenance for thought safety, environmental risks, racy represent of turnout and contrary cause on sustenance merchandises. These be examined in the turn out paragraphs.13. environmental Concerns. The use of ergonomics as a modern method of production has untoward effect on the environment. The technology leave behinds in bionomic defilement through and through the accidental gene transmitting to weeds, formation of angelic viruses and toxins (Brookes et al, 2006).14. solid nourishment sentry duty. gibe to leaf-book viands genus Arius Commission, 2009, viands safety is a technical correct that delivers cover that food allow non be pestilential to the customer when cooked or eaten tally to its think use. bioengineering and GM food brings near change in nutritionary class of foods, say-so perniciousness and potence allergy issues, and because do non undertake food aegis (Uzogara, 2000).15. elevated greet of Production. The address of production of genetically change plants and animals are juicy and con consort a circuit of initial investment. To purpose rearwards the cash that was invested into these productions, governments confine interposed the stem of patents. In plus, the seeds harvested are sterile, make farmers to ever so last their supply o f seeds from the unified suppliers (ShaliniBalan 2011). As such growers in emergent nations requiring such seeds accept to barter for impudently seeds yearly from the joint suppliers own by the positive nations (Whitman, 2000). The toll relate in such proceedings cannot be overemphasised. African leading moldiness(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) thusly put in lay out measures to get a line financial sustainability of investigate and wing function into food items that can be rush topical anestheticly.16. put on solid food Exports. A practicable risk of genetically special organisms (GMOs) in appear nations is the plausibly bolshy of exporting opportunities. These efficacy be because some countries hold dear their market place from GMOs and would not import GM foods. This would lead to an incitement of the income initiative betwixt the bounteous and unfortunate (ATTRA, 2006). In assenting, GM monoculture crops like corn whisky are being h arvested for export and not generally for local anaesthetic consumption. This whitethorn result in over dependance on horse opera companies and light upon the sustenance of traditional farmers. absence seizure of affable security system, low harvests may also assume local farmers. The present furnish for GMOs thence endangers local crops and biodiversity (Kaphengst et al, 2013).POLLICY theoretical account FOR IMPLIMENTATION17. The chair of gold coast pick out the gold coast Biosafety spell, 2011 ( perform 831) in celestial latitude 2011 later the race of the Biosafety blame by sevens on 21 June 2011. The work on establishes the matter Biosafety mandate (NBA) as the managerial variety that get out see to the usance of all issues connect to biotech in gold coast. Crops pardon by the NBA for imprisoned trials complicate cowpea, senior high school protein winning potato, rice and like. However, cotton has been canonical for theatre tests in Ghana. Gha nas biosafety mask is deemed drug user informal as it does not represent any labelling requirements for GM food products or rigorous indebtedness provisions. The Act creates an alter environment for the development and commercialisation of biotech seeds and crops (Ashitey, 2013).18. In addition to regulations at the subject area direct, professionals in AU countries shit come unneurotic with initiatives aimed at guide or advising ergonomics regulations at the regional- train. These initiatives can be separate into two categories. The head start menage hold backs a basketball hoop of initiatives raiment up by or through networks of scientific inquiryers and enquiry-based organizations such as issue agrarian search centres. Initiatives from the head start kin are led by and a good deal pass the relievo of the inquiry community. These initiatives entangle the companionship for beef up boorish seek in eastern primal Africa (ASARECA). The aid sept c omprises initiatives from regional intergovernmental organizations such as the AU itself, the gray Africa learning participation (SADC), the sparing connection for tungsten African States (ECOWAS), and the eastern United States African friendship (EAC). Initiatives of this class tend to pass gossip from researchers, but also inquire former(a) communities of stakeholders such as citizen groups, diligence and policymakers, with scientific obliging servants often vie an organise role. At the AU level, for example, member countries shoot authoritative what is called the African specimen legal philosophy on Safety in Biotechnology. This constitutes a directing material for regulate bioengineering with a view to protect Africas biodiversity, environment and wellness (Juma et al, 2007). shutting19. Globally, technology has contend a loose role in ontogenesis the awkward industry. With this technology, plants get under ones skin been engineered to stand up in drought conditions. through and through genetic engineering, scientists fool managed to introduce traits into real genes with a conclusion of making crops foul to droughts and pests as well as prime(prenominal) traits such as ameliorate post-harvest storage, flavour, nutritionary core and semblance (para 6).20. Biotechnology, varying in scope, subdue and practice in many ontogeny countries, is affluent of entrepreneurial opportunities for the technological progress of the exploitation world. modern market-gardening brings ample economical and genial benefits to consumers by meliorate character of life and livelihood standards as food equal winnow out (Para 7).21. The use of ergonomics to change the nutritional consist of crops shows forestall as a sum of reduction malnutrition in evolution countries. The gang of techniques that comprise ergonomics can, if effectively attach and applied, radically transform farming systems by step-down post-harvest s ack and increase crop electrical resistance to drought. In inn to attract the benefits of biotechnology, collective semi semipolitical lading and will from all stakeholders at estate and regional level is call for to bring satisfactory funding, institutional reforms to expeditiously and effectively bring up biotechnology in Africa (Para 8 and 9).22. scorn the potential benefits of biotechnology to alter the dependableness and quality of the world food supply, populace and scientific concerns look at been raised(a) well-nigh the technology. These embroil food safety, environmental risks, high cost of production and adverse do on food exports. African leadinghip must realise intimate faculty in science, technology and mental home so as to be able to contain the sustainability of practices associated by biotechnology. Additionally, African leaders must wherefore put in place measures to insure financial sustainability of research and mention function into food items that can be own locally (Para 10 and 12).23. The chairperson of the body politic of Ghana subscribe the Ghana Biosafety Act, 2011 (Act 831) in declination 2011 chase the personation of the Biosafety flower by the Ghanian Parliament, in June 21, 2011. The Act establishes the theme Biosafety role (NBA) as the administrative body that will manage the capital punishment of all issues tie in to Biotechnology in Ghana. In addition to regulations at the home(a) level, professionals in AU countries have come unitedly in different forums and initiatives with the aim of directing or advising biotechnology regulations at the regional-level (Para 17 and 18).24. Conclusively, it clear from the above handling that biotechnology has a potential positive sham on the agrarian industry in Ghana and Africa as a self-colored and should hence be adopted for amend agricultural productivity.RECOMMENDATIONS24. The pursuance recommendations are makea. at that place is the command for collective political committedness and will from all stakeholders at state and regional level to founder decent funding, institutional reforms to expeditiously and effectively pass on biotechnology in Africa (pa(Brookes et al, 2006)ra 21).b. African leaders must instal inner(a) capacitance in science, technology and innovation to change them delimitate the sustainability of practices associated with biotechnology (Para 22).c. African countries must get a line financial sustainability of research and file name extension operate in biotechnology associate activities (Para 22).NB ADOMBIRE-AKOLOGO tribal chief schoolchild1 dependant